FORM FOUR – ARTS GROUP

BIOLOGY

1. For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives

and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.

(i) The rate of photosynthesis is greatly influence by the following factors except.

1. Temperature. C. Water supply D. Soil fertility
2. Carbon dioxide E. Light intensity.

(ii) A strong tissue that holds muscles to bones at joints is called.

1. Ligament. C. Cartilage. D. Connective tissue.
2. Tendon. E. Synovial membrane.

(iii) The absence of one of the following elements makes a plant fail to produce

chlorophyll.

1. Magnesium. C. Sulphur. D. Chlorine.
2. Calcium. E. Iron.

(iv) The part of a brain responsible for reasoning and imagination is known as.

1. Spinal cord. C. Medulla oblongata. D. Cerebrum.
2. Cerebellum. E. Brain chamber.

(v) The last stage of Mitosis during growth of an organism is.

1. Metaphase. C. Telophase D. Transpiration.
2. Prophase. E. cytokinesis.

(vi) By which process does carbon dioxide pass from the blood to alveoli of the lungs?

1. Osmosis. C. Oxidation. D. Translocation.
2. Diffusion. E. Respiration.

(vii) The following sequence of organisms represents.

Earthworm Tilapia Human being Bacteria

1. Food web. C. Food chain. D. Ecosystem.
2. Community. E. A pyramid.

(viii) Which of the following organism belong to phylum protozoa?

1. Mushroom. C. Spirogyra. D. Amoeba.
2. Funaria. E. Tick.

(ix) In which category the malpighian layer of mammalian skin is placed?

1. Tissue. C. Organ. D. Cell.
2. System. E. Organism.

(x) A group of animals that maintain the body temperature at more or less constant is[1]

1. Regulators. C. Cold blood animals.
2. Warm blood animals. D. Poikilotherms. E. Homoeotherms.
3. Match the phrases in List A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct

response from List B beside the item number of List A in your answer sheet provided.

List A List B

(i) A hard outer cover of animals such as crustaceans

and arachnids.

(ii) Found at the elbow and knee and work like a hinge if

door to allow movement in one plane.

(iii)Found in the heart and are special in that they

contract and relax without getting fatigue.

(iv)Movement of plant towards or away from an

environment stimulus.

(v) Type of movement exhibited by the organisms such

as euglena.

(vi)Rigid structure made of calcium deposits and living

cells.

(vii) Is a location where bones meet.

(viii) A strong bundle of fibres which attaches

muscle to bone.

(ix)Bundle of fibres around a joint in the skeleton which

hold the bone in place and help to prevent

dislocation.

(x) Bundles of fibrous tissue in animals which has the

ability to contract thereby producing movement.

LIST B

1. Flagella movement.
2. Ciliary movement.
3. Tendon.
4. Ligament.
5. Honge joint.
6. Exoskeleton.
7. Cardiac muscle.
8. Skeletal muscle.
9. Tropical movement.
10. Nastic movement.
11. Bones.
12. Joints.
13. Endoskeleton.
14. Ball and socket.
15. Joint.
16. Hydrotropism.
17. Skeletal movement.
18. Muscle.
19. (a) State four (4) Precautions for proper use of a Microscope.

(b) Differentiate a test experiment from a control experiment.

4. (a) (i) What is gaseous exchange?

(ii) Arrange the following in the correct order:

Bronchi, pharynx, bronchioles, nasal passages, alveoli, trachea.

 (b) Name the structure concerned with gaseous exchange in

1. A mammal
2. A young tadpole.

iii. An insects.

1. An earth worm
2. Spider.3
3. (a) (i) What is a reflex action?

(ii) Give four (4) examples of reflex actions.

(iii) Explain the importance of reflex action to animals.

(b) (i) State two (2) differences between Nervous control and hormonal control.

(ii) Why a person manages to climb a big tree when suddenly see a big lion.

6. (a) Explain the two 2) types of mutation in living organisms.

(b) Give four (4) examples of genetic disorders caused by gene mutation.

7. (a) Explain the meaning of the following terms.
8. Transportation of Materials. ii. Mass flow.

 (b) Explain what would happen when a plant cell is placed in hypertonic solution.

8. Define the following terms as used in reproduction.
9. Fertilization. ii. Ovulation.

 (b) Name and explain how the two (2) types of twins occurs.

9. Study the following list of substances:

Water, Urea, Glucose, Calcium, Potassium and Sodium.

(a) Which of the substance will be excreted by a Mammal in a greater amount under

each of the following?

1. Low temperature of the environment.
2. Insufficient secretion of insulin.

iii. Consumption of large amount of proteins.

(b). Explain why one does not urinate frequently on a hot day.

10. (a) Define the following.
11. Genotype. ii. Variation. iii. Phenotype.

 (b) Study the pedigree below and then answer the questions that follow.

1 2

3 4 5 6

 7

KEY

= Females = Males

8

9 104

Open figure indicate normal phenotype; black figure indicate haemophilia individuals.

1. What is the probable genotype of 1?
2. Is the answer to (i) above 100% certain? Explain.

iii. What is the genotype of 5 and 9?

1. Justify your answer in (iii) above
2. If 3 marries normal man, what are the chances that will have a haemophilic son?

Illustrate your answer.

11. Elaborate any three (3) traditional and three (3) modern methods used in food processing,

preservation and storage.

12. Explain six (6) factors that affect the body immunity in human being.
13. Explain the functions of the major components of the human skeleton and their

adaptations.